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EU - Staaten Europäische Union Mehr Europa
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Bosnien und HerzegowinaBosnien und Herzegowina sind ein Collaborating non-member country des Europäischen Umweltinformations- und Umweltbeobachtungsnetzes (EIONET, European Environment Information and Observation Network) d der EU; Bosnien-Herzegowina-Links bei EIONET d Bericht des Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe (REC) d : "Country Report Bosnia & Herzegovina within strategic environmental analysis of Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Kosovo and Macedonia", Juni 2000 (PDF, 174 KB d ); Auszug zur Wasser-Situation: "One of the most critical environmental issues in BiH is water cycle management. In terms of pollution of surface and subsurface waters, BiH was the most polluted country from those established after the dissolution of former Yugoslavia. Pollution was particularly bad in several areas along the valley of the river Bosna where most industrial production was located, as well as in the Tuzla Canton (where chemical processes discharged waste directly into watercourses).The data on acute intestinal infectious disease and morbidity emphasizes the importance of proper water supply and continuing monitoring and control of drinking water. In 1990, in BiH, 25.4% of water samples were contaminated by microorganisms, while chemical contaminants were found in 33.3% of water samples. This data shows that even before the war, BiH was among countries with a high percentage of waterborne infectious morbidity. From 1986-1990, there were 37 outbreaks of waterborne intestinal infectious diseases with 2,310 sick persons, out of which there were 21 epidemics of hepatitis, 15 of diarrhea, and one of typhus. The morbidity of infectious intestinal diseases rose during the war. In 1991, there were 1,875 cases of Hepatitis A and 3,411 of diarrhea, while in 1993 the number of cases reached 21 937 of diarrhea and 7,421 of Hepatitis A. Almost the whole territory of BiH was hit by the epidemics. Initially, these outbreaks could be attributed to waterborne infections, and due to water shortages and improper sanitary conditions they were transmitted to the larger population. In 1998, there were 22 outbreaks of infectious and microbial diseases with 451 affected persons, out of which there were 3 epidemics of diarrhea with 183 cases, one epidemic of hepatitis A with 5 cases, 14 outbreaks of trichonosis with 186 cases, and four of alimentary toxification with 77 cases. We can see the significance of adequate water quality and permanent hygiene monitoring and control in the numbers of waterborne illnesses, e.g. enterocolitis and Hepatitis A. Enterocolitis was in fourth position among the top ten infectious deceases, with a morbidity rate of 179/100,000. Hepatitis “A” was eighth, with a morbidity rate of 20/100,000 and total of 625 affected." United Nations Development Programme - UNDP in Bosnien und Herzegowina d Externe Links
Links englisch, wenn nicht anders angegeben [ Zuletzt geändert: 20.04.2010 13:02:10 ]
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